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Cardiologist
Occupation
Names	Doctor, Medical Specialist
Type	Specialty
Activity sectors	Medicine
Description
Education required	Doctor of Medicine
Fields of employment	Hospitals, Clinics
Average salary	USD $400,000 (M.D., D.O.)

Cardiology (from Greek καρδίᾱ, kardiā, "heart"; and -λογία, -logia) is a medical specialty ambidextrous with disorders of the heart. The acreage includes analysis and analysis of congenital affection defects, coronary avenue disease, heart failure, valvular affection disease and electrophysiology. Physicians specializing in this acreage of anesthetic are alleged cardiologists. Cardiologists should not be abashed with cardiac surgeons, cardiothoracic and cardiovascular, who are surgeons who accomplish cardiac anaplasty via sternotomy - accessible accessible procedures on the affection and abundant vessels.

The appellation cardiology is acquired from the Greek chat καρδιά (transliterated as kardia and acceptation heart or inner self).

The Cardiac Muscle

Cardiac pacemaker (Electrical arrangement of the heart)

• Electrical advice arrangement of the heart
  • Action potential
    • Ventricular activity potential
• Sinoatrial node
• Atrioventricular node
• Bundle of His
• Purkinje fibers
• Heart Advance (Myocardial Infarction)

Basic cardiac physiology

• Systole
• Diastole
• Heart sounds
• Preload
• Afterload
• Kussmaul's sign

A diagram of a affection with an ECG indicator; diagrams like this are acclimated in Cardiology.

Disorders of the heart

Disorders of the coronary circulation

• Atherosclerosis
• Restenosis
• Coronary affection disease (Ischaemic affection disease, Coronary avenue disease)
• Acute coronary syndrome
  • Angina
  • Myocardial infarction (Heart attack)

Sudden cardiac death (The brusque abridgement or abeyance of claret breeze to the myocardium, arch to death)

• Cardiac arrest

Treatment of cardiac arrest

• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Disorders of the myocardium (muscle of the heart)

• Cardiomyopathy
  • Ischemic cardiomyopathy
  • Nonischemic cardiomyopathy
    • Amyloid cardiomyopathy
    • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
      • Hypertrophic adverse cardiomyopathy (HOCM) (Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic binding (IHSS))
      • hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
    • Dilated cardiomyopathy
      • Alcoholic cardiomyopathy
      • Tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy
      • Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (Transient aciculate ballooning, stress-induced cardiomyopathy)
    • Arrhythmogenic appropriate ventricular dysplasia (Arrhythmogenic appropriate ventricular cardiomyopathy)
    • Restrictive cardiomyopathy
• Congestive affection failure
  • Cor pulmonale
• Ventricular hypertrophy
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy
  • Right ventricular hypertrophy
• Primary tumors of the heart
  • Myxoma
• Myocardial rupture

Disorders of the pericardium (outer lining of the heart)

• Pericarditis
• Pericardial tamponade
• Constrictive pericarditis

Disorders of the heart valves

• Aortic valve disorders
  • Aortic insufficiency
  • Aortic stenosis
  • Aortic valve replacement
  • Aortic valve repair
  • Aortic valvuloplasty
• Mitral valve disorders
  • Mitral valve prolapse
  • Mitral regurgitation
  • Mitral stenosis
  • Mitral valve replacement
  • Mitral valve repair
  • Mitral valvuloplasty
• Pulmonary valve disorders
  • Congenital pulmonic stenosis
• Tricuspid valve disorders

Disorders of the electrical arrangement of the affection (Cardiac electrophysiology)

• Tachycardia
• Cardiac arrhythmias
  • Supraventricular tachycardia (Fast rhythms that arise aloft the ventricles)
    • Atrial fibrillation
    • Atrial flutter
    • Atrial tachycardia
    • Sick atrium syndrome
      • AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)
      • AV reentrant tachycardia (AVRT)
  • Bigemin
  • Premature ventricular contraction
  • Ventricular tachycardia
    • Torsades de pointes
  • Ventricular fibrillation
  • Bundle annex block
    • Left array annex block
    • Right array annex block
  • Heart block
    • First amount AV block
    • Second amount AV block
    • Bifascicular block
    • Trifascicular block
    • Third amount AV block
      • Lev's disease
• Specific diseases of the electrical arrangement of the heart
  • Brugada syndrome
  • Long QT syndrome
    • Andersen-Tawil syndrome
    • Romano-Ward syndrome
    • Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
  • Short QT syndrome
  • Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW syndrome)

Inflammation and infection of the heart

• Endocarditis
  • Rheumatic affection disease
• Myocarditis
• Pericarditis

Congenital affection disease

• Atrial septal defect
• Ventricular septal defect
• Patent autography arteriosus
• Bicuspid aortic valve
• Tetralogy of Fallot
• Transposition of the abundant vessels (TGV)
• Hypoplastic larboard affection syndrome
• Truncus Arteriosus

Diseases of claret argosy (Vascular diseases)

• Vasculitis
• Atherosclerosis
• Aneurysm
• Varicose veins
• Economy chic syndrome
• Diseases of the aorta
  • Coarctation of the aorta
  • Aortic dissection
  • Aortic aneurysm
• Diseases of the carotid arteries
  • Carotid avenue disease
  • Carotid avenue dissection

Procedures done for coronary avenue disease

• Percutaneous coronary intervention
  • Atherectomy
  • Angioplasty (PTCA)
  • Stenting
• Coronary avenue bypass surgery (CABG)
• Enhanced alien counterpulsation (EECP)

Devices acclimated in cardiology

• Stethoscope
• Devices acclimated to advance accustomed electrical rhythm
  • Pacemaker
  • Defibrillator
    • Automated alien defibrillator
    • Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
• Devices acclimated to advance claret pressure
  • Artificial heart
  • Heart-lung machine
  • Intra-aortic airship pump
  • Ventricular abetment device

Diagnostic tests and procedures

• Blood tests
• Echocardiogram
• Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
• Cardiac accent test
• Auscultation (Listening with the Stethoscope)

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)

• • QT interval
  • Osborn wave
• Ambulatory Holter monitor
• Electrophysiology study
  • Programmed electrical stimulation
• Sphygmomanometer (Blood burden cuff)
• Cardiac enzymes
• Coronary catheterization
  • Myocardial Fractional Breeze Reserve (FFRmyo)
  • IVUS (IntraVascular UltraSound)

Cardiac biologic agents

The followings are medications frequently assigned in cardiology:

• Antiarrhythmic agents
  • Type I (sodium channel blockers)
    • Type Ia
      • Quinidine
    • Type Ib
      • Lidocaine
      • Phenytoin
    • Type Ic
      • Propafenone
  • Type II (beta blockers)
    • Metoprolol
  • Type III (potassium approach blockers)
    • Amiodarone
    • Dofetilide
    • Sotalol
  • Type IV (slow calcium approach blockers)
    • Diltiazem
    • Verapamil
  • Type V
    • Adenosine
    • Digoxin
• ACE inhibitors
  • Captopril
  • Enalapril
  • Perindopril
  • Ramipril
• Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
  • Candesartan
  • Eprosartan
  • Irbesartan
  • Losartan
  • Telmisartan
  • Valsartan
• Beta blocker
• Calcium approach blocker

See also

• Interventional cardiology
• Clinical cardiac electrophysiology
• American Affection Association
• National Affection Foundation of Australia
• Avijit Lahiri

External links

• Cardiology News
• Cardiology in Bangladesh
• European Society of Cardiology
• U.S. National Institute of Health (NIH) : Affection and Circulation
• American College of Cardiology
• Virtual Cardiac Centre - advice from the acreage of Cardiology.
• Cardiovascular Physiology - basal concepts in cardiology.
• Preventive Cardiology
• A cardiac album application CMR images

[1]- Cardiology PPT